Pancreatitis is a pathology in which inflammatory and degenerative changes develop in the pancreas.Under the influence of certain etiological factors, the synthesis process of proteolytic enzymes is activated, which causes pancreatic cell damage.This article indicates the main clinical manifestations of this pathology, as well as the peculiarities of dietary nutrition as an important component of complex therapy.
Pancreatitis clinic
Pancreatitis is characterized by sharp, severe pain, which in the absence of timely treatment can provoke the development of painful shock.Painful sensations are localized in the pit of the stomach or have a girdle character.The inflammatory process of the pancreas causes hyperthermia.In addition, there are changes in blood pressure (hypo- or hypertension) and the general condition of the patient worsens.It becomes pale and later the skin acquires an earthy-gray hue.Jaundice in cholecystitis and pancreatitis can occur due to compression of the bile duct by the enlarged gland.
Patients also report dry mouth.They experience hiccups and wheezing, and nausea begins to bother them.In the acute period there is constant vomiting.Loss of electrolytes causes wet sweat, shortness of breath, and a yellow coating on the tongue.The stool becomes foamy, with food particles and an unpleasant odor.Sometimes, on the contrary, constipation and flatulence are observed.Pancreatitis symptoms also include the appearance of bluish spots around the abdomen.With the further development of the pathological process, the patient's condition worsens, so he should be transferred to the hospital immediately.
Treatment of pancreatitis
If the disease worsens, the patient is hospitalized.The treatment regimen includes antispasmodics, drugs that eliminate vomiting, diuretics (they prevent swelling of the pancreas and help remove excess enzymes from the body), painkillers, enzyme inhibitors, and antibiotics are prescribed for purulent pancreatitis.In the future, vitamin therapy is carried out to strengthen the body.
In case of acute inflammation and severe vomiting, patients are prescribed fasting.Only mineral water or rose decoction is allowed.In the future, low-calorie foods are gradually included in the diet, excluding those foods that can stimulate the production of gastric juice and gas formation.
therapeutic diet
It develops according to the patient's condition.Diet during an acute inflammatory process includes the following:
- providing physiological level of body proteins, lipids, carbohydrate compounds;
- increasing the amount of vitamins;
- reduce the number or completely eliminate substances that can irritate the intestinal mucosa;
- complete rejection of smoked, spicy, salty, alcohol, spices and canned food;
- Diet for pancreatitis includes chopping or grinding food, the temperature of which should not exceed 60 - 65 ° C, that is, mechanical and thermal irritation of the digestive organs should be eliminated as much as possible;
- Meals should be frequent, but always with small portions;In case of severe pain, therapeutic fasting is allowed for 1-2 days;
- Avoiding food during pancreatitis and gastritis can reduce the irritation of the mucous membrane.
Authorized products
If the pancreas is damaged, the patient's diet may include:
- from dairy products - kefir, non-acidic cottage cheese and yogurt;
- lean meat (chicken, rabbit, veal) in the form of souffle or puree;
- pike perch, pike, cod (lean varieties);
- grated vegetables that must first be boiled or baked;
- crackers or slightly dried bread;
- vegetarian soups;
- steamed omelettes;
- For patients with pancreatitis, it is allowed to consume olive oil and butter without fats;
- Recommended cereals are oatmeal, buckwheat and semolina;
- As a fruit, it is allowed to eat sugar-free baked apples;
- The best drink is rose tincture.
When the inflammation is eliminated and the clinical manifestations of the disease disappear, the diet is slightly expanded.
Sample menu
In case of chronic pancreatitis, the menu may look like this:
Option 1
- 200 g of mashed potatoes with meatballs (100 g), 200 g of grated rice porridge, tea;
- 100 g of cheese;
- Vegetable puree soup with croutons, steamed meat souffle, 200 g buckwheat porridge;
- protein omelet in the amount of 110 g, steamed, compote;
- 250 g fish roll and tea;
- Curd milk (about 200 ml).
Option 2
- boiled fish, mashed potatoes and tea to which you can add milk;
- 100 g of cheese;
- Flattened oat soup (about 250 g), as well as meat souffle (100 g), steamed with mashed potatoes;
- egg white omelet;
- cottage cheese souffle;
- A glass of curd milk.
Option 3
- Oatmeal and meat souffle, tea;
- cheese
- Oatmeal soup and meat cutlet (110 g), mashed potatoes, baked apple;
- egg white omelet;
- meat balls (110 g), carrot puree;
- Curd milk.
Dietary food should contain animal proteins, as they are easily digestible, and fats and carbohydrates should be kept to a minimum in order to protect the pancreas and restore normal digestion of food.
When pancreatitis becomes chronic, diet can be considered the basis of effective treatment.It is important to eat enough protein.It is advisable not to stew or bake meat dishes, but to boil or steam them.In the same way, lean fish dishes are prepared.
Milk is sometimes poorly tolerated, so it is recommended to add it only to cooked cereals and drink it in its pure form in the amount of no more than half a glass a day.In addition, the diet should not contain meat and fish broths, garlic and onions, cabbage and radish.Rye flour products are also prohibited.
What should be the calorie content of meals?
Patients should consume approximately 350 g of carbohydrates per day, of which 40 g should be easily digestible sugars.The total energy value of food consumed during the day should be an average of 2600 kilocalories.In order to correctly calculate the calorie content, there is a special table that indicates the name of the product, the content of proteins, carbohydrates and fats, as well as the number of kilocalories.It is with its help that not only the daily diet of patients with pancreatitis is prepared, but also other diseases that require appropriate dietary nutrition.
Traditional methods of treatment
Among traditional medicine, the following are the most effective:
- potato juice.You should drink half a glass two hours before meals, wait 5 minutes and wash down the glass with kefir.The treatment should last 14 days, after which a 10-day break is required and the product should be repeated.
- It is recommended to drink 100 ml of Brussels sprout juice three times a day for 30 days.
- An infusion of fennel and cumin is useful.
- It is useful to drink Mumio's solution every evening for 10 consecutive days, one hour after meals (calculated as 2 g per 3 liters of water).
- For chronic pancreatitis for 6 months, it is recommended to take 20 drops (10%) of propolis tincture at night after dissolving in 100 ml of heated milk.
To prevent the progression of pancreatitis, folk remedies based on medicinal herbs are used.Commonly used are calendula flowers, marshmallow root, bilberry leaves, bean pods, calamus root, wormwood and mint leaves.
The following medicine will help speed up recovery.One kilogram of lemon, parsley roots and garlic (300 g each) should be put through a meat grinder, mix everything and leave the resulting mass for two weeks, after which you will start taking a teaspoon.In chronic pancreatitis, it is also recommended to grind chicory root, pour boiling water, boil, then cool, strain and drink in small sips.
In addition to the above-mentioned means, patients are advised to do special exercises that have a positive effect on the pancreas.You need to inhale and exhale, hold your breath and gently draw in your stomach, and then relax the muscles of the abdominal wall.After that, you should again inhale and exhale, hold your breath and strongly inflate your stomach, and then relax.Exercises should be performed lying down three times a day, from 3 to 9 repetitions.Such breathing exercises improve blood circulation and facilitate the flow of digestive juices, helping to prevent the development of pancreatitis or its exacerbation.
It should be remembered that in case of acute pancreatitis, you should not resort to traditional methods, because the patient should be provided with medical assistance immediately.Otherwise, the disease can be fatal.